RWS Architecture article

ADR-011 Restricted network vs disconnected OpenShift installation

For high-security environments, disconnected OpenShift deployments are an option but require extra preparation (registry mirroring, operator catalogs, and update processes). The 1H

  1. Typeadr
  2. Statusaccepted
  3. Domainplatform
On this page
  1. Context and Problem Statement
  2. Decision Drivers
  3. Considered Options
  4. Decision Outcome
  5. Implementation Notes
  6. Pros and Cons of the Options
  7. Option 1 – Restricted network OpenShift (chosen)
  8. Option 2 – Disconnected environment OpenShift
  9. Option 3 – Air-gapped network OpenShift

Context and Problem Statement

For high-security environments, disconnected OpenShift deployments are an option but require extra preparation (registry mirroring, operator catalogs, and update processes). The 1H2026 engagement needs a decision that balances security requirements with delivery timelines while keeping a path open for stricter connectivity constraints later.

Definitions used in this ADR (Red Hat terms, with explicit project mapping).

Red Hat uses *disconnected environment* as a broad umbrella term for environments without full internet connectivity, with more specific terms for different levels of isolation. Source: Glossary of disconnected environment terms (OCP latest).

  • Disconnected environment (Red Hat): "a broad term that can refer to environments with various levels of internet connectivity"; regardless of isolation level, "a cluster in a disconnected environment does not have access to public services hosted by Red Hat and requires additional setup to maintain full cluster functionality".
  • Restricted Network (Red Hat): an environment "with limited connection to an external network"; traffic is limited by configurations such as firewalls and proxies.
  • Air-gapped network (Red Hat): an environment "completely isolated from an external network" via physical separation (an "air gap").

Project usage in this vault:

  • Phase 1 baseline is restricted network (controlled egress to required public Red Hat services/endpoints). This baseline is *not* treated as a Red Hat disconnected environment because it still relies on access to public services hosted by Red Hat for lifecycle.
  • Reserve disconnected environment / air-gapped for clusters with no access to public services hosted by Red Hat (mirroring, catalog curation, and offline update workflows apply).
  • Avoid the term "connected" for this baseline. If older notes use "connected", interpret it as "restricted network".

Decision Drivers

  • Delivery timeline for 1H2026 implementation.
  • Ability to start with a restricted network OpenShift AI cluster in Location A while the automated platform is built out in Location B.
  • Operational overhead for mirrored registries and offline updates.
  • Security requirements for regulated workloads.

Considered Options

  1. Restricted network OpenShift clusters.
  2. Disconnected environment OpenShift clusters.
  3. Air-gapped network OpenShift clusters.

Decision Outcome

Chosen option: Restricted network OpenShift for Phase 1 (1H2026).

Implementation Notes

This ADR decides the connectivity baseline only. Rollout sequencing and platform build-out are tracked in topic-datacenter-rollout-intent and WP-08 Platform Services and Automation.

  • Location A: start with a restricted network OpenShift AI cluster to accelerate DevOps automation.
  • Location B: build the automated target platform before cutover, including a tiered Quay deployment on the external-profile Clusters as a Service cluster. That Datacenter Services cluster is imported into Advanced Cluster Management (ACM) before production cutover.

If a fully air-gapped environment is required, that is a separate decision (different threat model and logistics) and is not covered by this ADR.

Pros and Cons of the Options

Option 1 – Restricted network OpenShift (chosen)

Pros

  • Faster delivery and simpler operator lifecycle management.
  • Lower operational overhead for updates and registries.

Cons

  • Requires network connectivity to Red Hat services and registries.

Option 2 – Disconnected environment OpenShift

Pros

  • Strong isolation for high-security workloads without relying on direct internet egress.

Cons

  • Increased delivery time and operational complexity.
  • Requires registry mirroring and curated operator catalogs.
  • Requires a defined process for updates (image sets, catalogs, and evidence).

Option 3 – Air-gapped network OpenShift

Pros

  • Maximum isolation when no network connectivity is permitted.

Cons

  • Highest operational complexity (offline transfers, strict supply-chain controls).
  • Out of scope for the initial 1H2026 baseline; requires a dedicated follow-up decision and design.